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Related Concept Videos

The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
Assumptions of Survival Analysis01:15

Assumptions of Survival Analysis

Survival models analyze the time until one or more events occur, such as death in biological organisms or failure in mechanical systems. These models are widely used across fields like medicine, biology, engineering, and public health to study time-to-event phenomena. To ensure accurate results, survival analysis relies on key assumptions and careful study design.
Design Consideration01:22

Design Consideration

Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
The factor of safety is another key aspect...
Bioavailability Study Design: Single Versus Multiple Dose Studies01:11

Bioavailability Study Design: Single Versus Multiple Dose Studies

Bioavailability studies are essential for understanding how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body. These studies assess the extent and rate at which the active pharmaceutical agent becomes available at the site of action. The design of bioavailability studies can involve single-dose or multiple-dose regimens, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Single-dose studies are the preferred approach due to their simplicity and reduced drug exposure for...
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion01:26

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion

Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
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Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke
05:21

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

Practical guidance on characterizing availability in resource selection functions under a use-availability design.

Joseph M Northrup1, Mevin B Hooten, Charles R Anderson

  • 1Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, 1474 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA. joe.northrup@colostate.edu

Ecology
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding animal habitat selection using GPS data is crucial for conservation. This study reveals that the availability sample size and extent significantly bias results, impacting ecological interpretations and management strategies.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke
05:21

Computerized Adaptive Testing System of Functional Assessment of Stroke

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Wildlife Management
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Habitat selection is key to animal ecology, vital for conservation efforts.
  • Global Positioning System (GPS) data enable fine-scale habitat selection assessments.
  • Use-availability frameworks contrast animal locations with random samples, often using logistic regression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of availability sample size and spatial extent on statistical inference in habitat selection analyses.
  • To identify and address methodological challenges in analyzing GPS data for habitat selection.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted simulations to examine the impact of availability on statistical inference.
  • Analyzed serially correlated mule deer GPS data.
  • Assessed the effect of spatial autocorrelation in covariates on bias.

Main Results:

  • Bias in coefficient estimates arose from incorrect assessment and sampling of the availability extent.
  • Spatial autocorrelation in landscape covariates exacerbated sampling errors, increasing bias.
  • The size and spatial extent of the availability sample critically influence habitat selection analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Habitat selection analyses using GPS data are susceptible to bias from availability sampling.
  • Researchers should assess sensitivity to availability samples and use cross-validation for robust interpretations.
  • Careful consideration of availability sampling is essential for accurate ecological inference and conservation.