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Taking the high (or low) road: a quantifier priming perspective on basic anchoring effects.

David Sleeth-Keppler1

  • 1Humboldt State University, School of Business, 1 Harpst St., Arcata, CA 95521, USA. ds2590@humboldt.edu

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Summary

Numerical anchors bias judgments by priming vague quantifiers, not the numbers themselves. This study reveals how quantifier priming influences decision-making in anchoring effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Anchoring effects demonstrate how arbitrary numerical standards influence uncertain judgments.
  • Existing theories often conflate numerical values with vague quantifiers in anchoring explanations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether numerical anchors bias judgments primarily through quantifier priming rather than numerical value.
  • To examine the role of vague quantifiers in the anchoring paradigm.
  • To explore how associations between quantifiers affect anchoring direction.

Main Methods:

  • Study 1: Varied judgment targets with constant numerical anchors in a between-participants design.
  • Study 2: Directly manipulated vague quantifiers within the traditional anchoring paradigm.
  • Study 3: Assessed the impact of specific quantifier associations on anchoring direction.

Main Results:

  • Anchoring effects were observed consistent with a quantifier priming hypothesis in Study 1.
  • Direct manipulation of quantifiers influenced judgments as predicted.
  • Associations between quantifiers, reflecting different judgmental dimensions, affected anchoring direction.

Conclusions:

  • Numerical anchors bias judgments mainly by priming vague quantifiers, not the numbers themselves.
  • Vague quantifier priming is a key mechanism underlying numerically anchored judgments.
  • Understanding quantifier associations is crucial for explaining anchoring effects.