Morphologic micro-computed tomography analysis of mandibular premolars with three root canals.

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Anatomy
• Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT)

Background:

• Mandibular premolars with radicular grooves present unique anatomical challenges.
• Understanding root canal morphology is crucial for successful endodontic treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the detailed anatomy of mandibular premolars exhibiting a Type IX canal configuration.
• To analyze the three-dimensional morphology and morphometrics of these root canal systems.

Main Methods:

• Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to scan 105 mandibular premolars with radicular grooves.
• Sixteen teeth with Type IX configuration were selected for detailed analysis of canal number, location, and morphometric parameters.
• Statistical analysis (ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis) was performed to compare morphometric data.

Main Results:

• Type IX configuration was identified in 16 out of 105 (15.2%) mandibular premolars.
• The pulp chamber was predominantly triangle-shaped.
• Complexities observed included apical delta (4%), root canal fusion (5%), and furcation canals (10%).

Conclusions:

• The Type IX canal configuration in mandibular premolars with radicular grooves presents significant anatomical complexities.
• These complexities include furcation canals, canal fusion, oval apical canals, small orifices, and apical deltas.
• Detailed anatomical knowledge is essential for endodontic treatment planning in these teeth.