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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse
07:46

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Th17 memory cells: live long and proliferate.

Mandy J McGeachy1

  • 11.Dept. of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, BST S719, 3500 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. mmcgeach@pitt.edu.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|September 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Immune memory, mediated by T helper 17 (Th17) cells, protects against infection but can cause chronic inflammation. This review examines robust Th17 memory populations and their dual roles in host defense and autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:
CD4 T cellIL-17autoimmunitypathogen

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Immune memory is crucial for health, preventing reinfection.
  • Dysregulated immune memory can lead to chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
  • T helper 17 (Th17) cells are key players in both protective immunity and autoimmune pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent evidence on long-lived Th17 memory cell populations.
  • To explore the functional roles of Th17 memory cells in host protection.
  • To examine the involvement of Th17 memory cells in chronic disease states.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature and studies.
  • Analysis of data from mouse models.
  • Examination of human immunological data.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the existence of robust, long-lived Th17 memory cell populations.
  • Th17 memory cells demonstrate dual functions in pathogen clearance and disease promotion.
  • Specific contexts dictate whether Th17 memory cells mediate protection or pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Th17 memory cells are critical components of the adaptive immune system.
  • Understanding Th17 memory cell dynamics is vital for managing autoimmune diseases.
  • Targeting Th17 memory cells may offer therapeutic strategies for inflammatory conditions.