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Hepatotoxic botanicals - an evidence-based systematic review
Reem J Abdualmjid1, Consolato Sergi
1University of Alberta.
Summary
Herbal remedies can cause serious liver damage, including liver failure and cirrhosis. Increased use of these natural medicines necessitates greater awareness and reporting of adverse effects to mitigate risks.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Hepatology
Background:
- Herbal medicine use is globally prevalent.
- Concerns regarding hepatotoxicity from herbal remedies are rising.
- Identifying potential liver harm from these products is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and assess scientific evidence linking herbal preparations to liver damage.
- To consolidate findings on the spectrum of hepatotoxic effects caused by herbs.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, etc.).
- Searches included both Latin and common names of various herbs.
- Articles reporting human hepatotoxicity associated with herbal products were selected.
Main Results:
- 254 relevant articles were analyzed out of 565 initial reviews.
- Numerous cases of severe hepatotoxicity linked to herbal products, alone or with other drugs, were identified.
- Reported liver toxicities range from elevated enzymes to acute liver failure, necrosis, fibrosis, and veno-occlusive disease.
Conclusions:
- Herbal product hepatotoxicity is a recognized clinical issue.
- The increasing popularity of herbal medicines correlates with higher risks of liver toxicity and drug interactions.
- Further high-quality research is essential to pinpoint toxic compounds and elucidate mechanisms of herb-induced liver injury. Comprehensive reporting of adverse effects and healthcare provider education are vital.
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