Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 7, 2026

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
Published on: October 13, 2018
Authors' response: forward models and their implications for production, comprehension, and dialogue
Martin J Pickering1, Simon Garrod
1Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, United Kingdom. martin.pickering@ed.ac.uk
This study explores the interconnectedness of language production and comprehension, detailing how speakers and listeners predict linguistic information at various levels. It addresses key questions regarding cognitive processes and communication.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Science
- Psycholinguistics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- The target article posits interwoven language production and comprehension.
- Speakers and comprehenders generate predictions at multiple linguistic levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- Respond to commentary on the proposed model of language processing.
- Clarify aspects of cognitive architecture, neural underpinnings, and learning.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical discussion and response to critical feedback.
- Analysis of forward models and communicative intentions.
Main Results:
- Addresses questions on cognitive architecture and neural basis.
- Discusses learning, development, and monitoring in language processing.
Conclusions:
- Reaffirms the predictive nature of language production and comprehension.
- Elaborates on the integration of forward models in communication and dialogue.
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