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Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents
Published on: October 26, 2016
Advanced cardiovascular stent coated with nanofiber
1Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States.
Molecular Pharmaceutics
|September 21, 2013
Summary
This study developed β-estradiol-loaded nanofibers as a stent coating to prevent coronary artery disease restenosis by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The novel NP-CHB formulation demonstrated superior drug loading and sustained release, enhancing endothelial cell proliferation and protection against ROS.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cardiovascular Research
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) restenosis remains a clinical challenge, often exacerbated by stent implantation.
- Stent-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to adverse vascular remodeling and restenosis.
- Developing effective stent coatings to mitigate ROS and promote vascular healing is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer β-estradiol-loaded nanofibers for stent surface coating.
- To investigate the potential of these nanofibers in preventing stent-induced restenosis by regulating ROS.
- To evaluate the efficacy of different nanoparticle formulations for drug delivery and therapeutic effect.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of β-estradiol-loaded nanoparticles using Eudragit S-100 (ES) and various polymer mixtures (PLGA, PLA).
- Development of nanofiber coatings via electrospinning, incorporating different nanoparticle types (NP-W, NP-HW, NP-CHA, NP-CHB).
- Characterization of nanoparticle and nanofiber properties, including drug loading, release kinetics, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity against ROS.
Main Results:
- The NP-CHB formulation exhibited maximal yield (66.5 ± 3.7%) and β-estradiol loading (147.9 ± 10.1 μg), with the most sustained release profile.
- Nanofibers with β-estradiol significantly enhanced endothelial cell proliferation (3-fold increase) and protected cells from ROS-induced cytotoxicity.
- β-estradiol treatment increased nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells, indicating improved vascular function.
Conclusions:
- Nanofibers loaded with β-estradiol nanoparticles represent a promising platform for cardiovascular stent coatings.
- This approach effectively mitigates ROS damage and promotes endothelialization, offering a potential strategy to prevent stent-induced restenosis.
- The NP-CHB formulation demonstrates superior characteristics for therapeutic application in CAD treatment.