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Related Concept Videos

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...

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Related Experiment Videos

Suppurative myositis in children.

B King1, E Ho, M Lynn

  • 1Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Locked Bag 1, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.

Pediatric Surgery International
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Pyogenic myositis in children, a rare condition affecting hip flexor muscles, was observed in three cases. Common bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus were identified as causative agents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Musculoskeletal infections
  • Surgical pathology

Background:

  • Pyogenic myositis is an uncommon bacterial infection of muscle tissue.
  • Iliopsoas and iliacus muscle involvement in children is particularly rare.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report three pediatric cases of pyogenic myositis affecting the iliopsoas/iliacus muscles.
  • To discuss the classification, investigation, and management of this condition in children.
  • To highlight potential underlying causes and common pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series review of pediatric patients diagnosed with pyogenic myositis.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, microbiological cultures, and imaging findings.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of treatment strategies and patient outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Three pediatric cases of iliopsoas/iliacus pyogenic myositis were identified over 12 months.
    • Causative organisms included Haemophilus influenzae type B and Staphylococcus aureus.
    • Underlying factors such as antecedent hematoma and trauma-associated sacroiliac septic arthritis were noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Pyogenic myositis of the iliopsoas/iliacus muscles in children, though rare, requires prompt recognition.
    • Bacterial pathogens like H. influenzae and S. aureus are common culprits.
    • Identifying underlying conditions and initiating appropriate antimicrobial therapy and/or surgical drainage are key to successful management.