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Related Concept Videos

Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
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¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Hunting mixed top squark decays.

Michael L Graesser1, Jessie Shelton

  • 1Theory Division T-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Natural supersymmetry predicts top squarks decay into multiple states, reducing traditional search effectiveness. A new search strategy and

Area of Science:

  • High Energy Physics
  • Supersymmetry Searches
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Natural supersymmetry predicts top squarks with comparable branching fractions to chargino-bottom and neutralino-top states.
  • Traditional searches for top squarks are limited by reduced tt + missing transverse energy (MET) branching fractions.
  • Existing methods struggle to suppress dominant top backgrounds in semileptonic top partner searches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new search strategy for natural top squarks at the LHC.
  • To introduce a novel variable, 'topness,' for improved background suppression.
  • To restore sensitivity to natural top squarks in specific LHC runs.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating top squark decay modes in the irreducible natural supersymmetric spectrum.

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Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
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Published on: November 15, 2013

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  • Developing and applying a new search targeting the asymmetric final state t[over˜]t[over˜]* → t(χ)(0)b(χ)(-) +H.c.
  • Introducing and demonstrating the utility of the 'topness' variable for background rejection.

    • Main Results:

    • Top squark pair branching fractions into tt + MET can be significantly reduced, limiting traditional searches.
    • The proposed asymmetric search channel restores sensitivity to natural top squarks at 7 and 8 TeV LHC.
    • The 'topness' variable efficiently suppresses dominant top backgrounds, outperforming existing methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed search strategy and 'topness' variable enhance the discovery potential for natural top squarks.
    • This work addresses limitations in current top squark searches, particularly in the context of natural supersymmetry.
    • The findings are crucial for future searches of new physics at the Large Hadron Collider.