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BCG lymphadenitis: a report of eight cases
Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|June 1, 1985
Summary
An increase in regional lymphadenitis in newborns following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination was observed. A Japanese BCG strain introduction may be linked to this rise, with surgical excision and therapy showing promising results.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is standard for newborns to prevent tuberculosis.
- Regional lymphadenitis is a known, though infrequent, complication of BCG vaccination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate an observed increase in regional lymphadenitis post-BCG vaccination in newborns at King Abdel Aziz University Hospital.
- To identify potential causes for the increased incidence and evaluate treatment outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of eight cases of regional lymphadenitis following BCG vaccination.
- Analysis of changes in vaccination protocols, specifically the introduction of a Japanese BCG strain.
- Comparison of treatment outcomes for aspiration versus surgical excision.
Main Results:
- Eight cases of regional lymphadenitis, one with infraclavicular enlargement, were identified.
- The introduction of a Japanese BCG strain coincided with the observed increase in cases.
- Aspiration led to discharge and scarring in five cases; surgical excision resulted in uncomplicated healing in two cases.
Conclusions:
- The introduction of a Japanese BCG strain may be associated with the increased incidence of regional lymphadenitis.
- Surgical excision combined with antituberculous therapy appears to be a more effective treatment strategy than aspiration for managing this complication.