Nanoformulations for delivery of biomolecules: focus on liposomal variants for siRNA delivery

The potency of biomolecules assures therapy for as well as prevention of many disorders. However, their stability and delivery to the site of action remain a major challenge for successful therapeutic application. With advantages of nanoformulations, such as systemic environmental protection, controlled and site specific release, many of these bio-molecules have found their place in preventive, curative, or immunization-based therapies. Nanoformulations have indeed become a boon for the delivery of biomolecules with such challenges. Among biomolecules, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics has broad range of applications for disorders that may be pathological, metabolic, or physiological. However, certain challenges with respect to biological and delivery constraints need a priori consideration. From this perspective, liposomal delivery has made substantial progress to meet most of the delivery-related (pharmacokinetic) problems associated with siRNA. Furthermore, need-based development has led to the evolution of variants of liposomes. In this review we focus on the scope of siRNA and the trend of rationalized development of liposomal variants to explore its potential therapeutic implication.