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Limits to behavioral evolution: the quantitative genetics of a complex trait under directional selection.

Vincent Careau1, Matthew E Wolak, Patrick A Carter

  • 1Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|October 25, 2013
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Summary

Replicated selection experiments reveal that evolutionary limits in house mice vary by sex and selection line. Genetic architecture changes, not just additive variance, influence these limits.

Keywords:
Animal modelBulmer effectexperimental evolutionheritabilityselection limitvoluntary exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Replicated selection experiments are crucial for understanding evolutionary adaptation.
  • Investigating how multiple adaptive solutions impact genetic architecture and evolutionary limits is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze 31 generations of selection on voluntary wheel running in house mice.
  • To determine how genetic architecture and maternal effects influence evolutionary limits and response to selection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 17,988 house mice over 31 generations of selection.
  • Examination of selection response, limits, and plateau height across sexes and lines.
  • Animal-model analyses to assess additive and maternal genetic variances.

Main Results:

  • Significant variation in selection response, limit timing, and plateau height between sexes and among selection lines.
  • Additive genetic variance decreased in selected lines but not enough to explain limits.
  • Directional selection induced a negative covariance between additive and maternal genetic variance.

Conclusions:

  • Replication is vital in selection studies for higher-level traits.
  • Long-term selection response is not always linear due to variable genetic effects.
  • Evolutionary limits are influenced by complex interactions of genetic architecture and maternal effects.