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Nutritional supplements usage by Portuguese athletes.

Mónica Sousa1, Maria João Fernandes, Pedro Moreira

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International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Vitamin- Und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International De Vitaminologie Et De Nutrition
|November 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Most Portuguese athletes use nutritional supplements (NS) for recovery and performance, but advice sources and usage reasons vary by age and gender. Education is needed for informed supplement choices.

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coachesfatigueperformancephysiciansrecoverysport drinksvitamins and minerals

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Nutrition
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Dietary Supplements

Background:

  • Nutritional supplement (NS) use is prevalent among athletes.
  • Understanding usage patterns, motivations, and information sources is crucial for sports science.
  • Portuguese athletes' specific supplementation behaviors require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and types of NS used by Portuguese athletes.
  • To identify the primary reasons athletes use NS.
  • To ascertain the main sources of advice regarding NS.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire was administered to 292 athletes from 13 national sports federations in Portugal.
  • Data collected included socio-demographics, sports data, and NS usage habits.
  • Statistical analysis explored differences based on gender, age, and training load.

Main Results:

  • 66% of athletes consumed NS, averaging 4 supplements each.
  • Multivitamins/minerals, sports drinks, and magnesium were most popular.
  • Reasons included recovery (63%), performance (62%), and energy (60%), with advice from physicians (56%) and coaches (46%).

Conclusions:

  • Athlete NS usage is high, influenced by age and gender.
  • Some reported reasons for NS use lack scientific validation.
  • There is a critical need for evidence-based education on NS for athletes.