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Microspore development in cultured maize anthers.

S M Pescitelli¹, J F Petolino

¹United AgriSeeds, Inc., 61820, Champaign, IL, USA.

Plant Cell Reports

|November 19, 2013

Summary

This study tracked maize microspore development in vitro, finding abnormal divisions peaked early. Most microspores didn't form embryos, with high mortality during embryo-like structure development.

Area of Science:

Plant Science
Developmental Biology
Genetics

Background:

Anther culture is crucial for plant breeding and genetic studies.
Understanding microspore development is key to optimizing haploid induction techniques.
Maize (Zea mays) anther culture responsiveness varies significantly among genotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate in vivo and in vitro microspore development in a responsive maize genotype.
To characterize the timing and nature of developmental abnormalities during anther culture.
To assess the progression from microspores to embryo-like structures.

Main Methods:

Utilized an anther culture-responsive maize genotype (Pa91×FR16).
Employed a DNA-specific fluorescent dye (mithramycin) for observation.

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Collected and analyzed cultured anthers at various time points.

Main Results:

Abnormal microspore divisions peaked within the first 7 days of culture.
The vegetative nucleus showed high mitotic activity (>50% of induced microspores).
Multicellular masses and embryo-like structures appeared at 14 and 25 days, respectively, with significant mortality.

Conclusions:

Early developmental stages in maize anther culture are prone to abnormalities.
While vegetative nucleus division occurs, progression to advanced structures like embryos is limited.
High mortality rates underscore challenges in efficient haploid induction via anther culture in this genotype.