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Modeling the polycentric transition of cities.

Rémi Louf1, Marc Barthelemy

  • 1Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA, CNRS-URA 2306, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Physical Review Letters
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Urban growth often leads to multiple centers, not just one. This study models how traffic congestion causes cities to develop subcenters, with commuting distance scaling with population.

Area of Science:

  • Urban dynamics and spatial economics
  • Complex systems modeling
  • Transportation geography

Background:

  • Urban systems typically evolve from monocentric to polycentric structures with growth.
  • Understanding the drivers of urban spatial reorganization is crucial for city planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a stochastic, out-of-equilibrium model explaining the emergence of urban subcenters.
  • To investigate the role of traffic congestion in urban spatial restructuring.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel city growth model incorporating traffic congestion effects.
  • Analysis of the model's predictions regarding subcenter formation and scaling laws.

Main Results:

  • Traffic congestion is identified as a key factor destabilizing monocentric urban structures.

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  • The model predicts sublinear scaling of subcenter number and total commuting distance with city population.

    • Conclusions:

    • The proposed model successfully explains the transition to polycentric urban forms driven by congestion.
    • Model predictions align with empirical data from a large sample of U.S. cities, validating the findings.