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[Electroencephalographic and neurodevelopmental disorders in toddlers with severe congenital heart diseases.
Francisco J Esquivel-Hernández1, F Bernardo Pliego-Rivero, Gustavo G Mendieta-Alcántara
1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Edo. de México, México. oeog45@gmail.com.
Insights
Severe congenital cardiopathology (SCC) significantly impacts infant brain development. Nearly all infants with SCC showed neurodevelopmental delays and abnormal EEG patterns, indicating a high risk for central nervous system (CNS) alterations.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
- Clinical Neurophysiology
Context:
- Congenital heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity in children.
- Neurodevelopmental delay is a frequent complication in infants with severe congenital cardiopathology (SCC).
- Early identification of CNS impact is crucial for timely intervention.
Purpose:
- To investigate the impact of severe congenital cardiopathology (SCC) on the central nervous system (CNS).
- To analyze electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns and neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with SCC.
- To establish the correlation between SCC and CNS development alterations.
Summary:
- A study included 41 infants with SCC and 15 healthy controls, assessing EEG and neurodevelopment.
- Abnormal EEG findings (48.8%) and neurodevelopmental alterations (97.6%), including hypotonia and motor delays, were observed in infants with SCC.
- Statistically significant differences in EEG abnormalities (OR=13.33) and neurodevelopmental delays (OR=35) were found between SCC and control groups.
Impact:
- Infants with SCC exhibit a high prevalence of abnormal EEG activity, often without clinical seizures.
- Significant neurodevelopmental delays are prevalent in infants with SCC across various domains.
- Findings highlight that newborns with SCC are at elevated risk for altered CNS development, necessitating vigilant monitoring.
Unlabelled:
Within the field of pediatric heart disease, congenital cardiopathology is the most important issue due to the fact that in these patients a delay of neurodevelopment is the most frequent morbidity. The major aim of this work was to determine the impact of severe congenital cardiopathology (SCC) on the central nervous system (CNS) through the study of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and the assessment of neurodevelopment.
Population And Methods:
Children under 3 years old, 41 of them presenting SCC and 15 healthy controls (C) were studied. Conventional EEG recording and assessment of neurodevelopment were performed.
Results:
In twenty children presenting SCC (48.8%) the EEG was found abnormal (paroxysmal of spikes and sharp waves). Forty of them (97.6%) presented neurodevelopmental alterations, including hypotonia and a delay in gross motor skills. When comparing EEG between SCC and C children, odds ratio was 13.33 (1.602-111) and comparing neurodevelopment delay, it was 35 (3.769-235). Both were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.00039 and p ≤ 0.00038, respectively).
Conclusions:
A high percentage of children suffering from SCC exhibited EEG patterns with abnormal epileptic-like activity although without clinical manifestation of seizures. These children also showed delay features in different areas of neurodevelopmental. The assessment of new born carrying some type of severe cardiopathology indicated that they were under high risk of suffering from CNS altered development.
