Iatrogenic nerve injuries in shoulder surgery

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Neurosurgery
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Open and arthroscopic shoulder procedures are expanding, yet complications, particularly nerve injuries, persist.
• Iatrogenic nerve injuries are a significant concern in shoulder surgery.
• The brachial plexus and peripheral motor nerves are vulnerable during shoulder operations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the ongoing evolution of shoulder surgery techniques.
• To underscore the persistent risk of neurologic complications.
• To emphasize the role of peripheral nerve monitoring in mitigating iatrogenic nerve injuries.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on shoulder procedures and nerve injury.
• Analysis of complications associated with open and arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
• Evaluation of the utility of peripheral nerve monitoring in identifying at-risk anatomical regions and surgical steps.

Main Results:

• Shoulder surgery techniques continue to advance, increasing the scope of procedures.
• Neurologic injury remains an inherent risk despite technological progress.
• Peripheral nerve monitoring has proven effective in pinpointing vulnerable surgical moments and anatomical locations.

Conclusions:

• Iatrogenic nerve injuries are common complications in shoulder surgery.
• Understanding the risks to the brachial plexus and peripheral nerves is crucial.
• Peripheral nerve monitoring is a valuable tool for preventing nerve damage during shoulder procedures.