Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides02:38

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

6.5K
Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain...
6.5K
Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

4.7K
Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules take.
4.7K
Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

11.8K
Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent...
11.8K
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

17.1K
Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and...
17.1K
Preparation of Epoxides03:00

Preparation of Epoxides

7.7K
Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy...
7.7K
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

19.9K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
19.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pyrrole-Derived Zwitterionic Primary Explosive: A Safer Alternative to Diazodinitrophenol (DDNP).

Organic letters·2026
Same author

β-Aryl-Substituted Dinaphthoporphycene-Porphycene With Elongated Core: Synthesis, Characterization, and Complexation Studies.

Chemistry, an Asian journal·2026
Same author

A bipyrrole scaffold as an emerging Frontier in robust design of high energy materials.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

All-Aza <i>meso</i>-Benzo-Fused Triphyrins(2.1.1): Large Bathochromic Shift and Intensified Absorption via π-Extended Conjugation.

Organic letters·2025
Same author

Double-Decker Ferrocene Analogue Derived from Flexible 14π Triphyrin(2.1.1) along with an Unusual Diels-Alder Adduct: Synthesis, Characterization, and Mechanistic Studies.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Multiliter-Scale Photosensitized Dimerization of Isoprene to Sustainable Aviation Fuel Precursors.

ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering·2025
Same journal

Electrochemical Dearomative <i>ipso</i>-Cyclization of Indolyl-ynones: A Direct Access to Trifluoromethyl/Selenyl-Spirooxindoles.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Photoinduced Radical Epoxidation of <i>N</i>-Alkoxyphthalimides with Allylic Peroxides.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Reaction of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with Silyl Ketene Imines.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

<i>N</i>-Sulfonylaminophthalimide-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of α-C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-H and β,γ-C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-C(sp<sup>3</sup>) Bonds of Tertiary Amines.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

<i>O</i>-Alkylisourea-Enabled Nickel/Photoredox-Catalyzed Giese Reaction.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Direct Assembly of Angular 5-5-5 Tricyclic Skeletons via a Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation/Annulation Cascade.

Organic letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Preparation of 6-aminocyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one Derivatives via Tricarbonyltroponeiron
07:56

Preparation of 6-aminocyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one Derivatives via Tricarbonyltroponeiron

Published on: August 12, 2019

7.2K

β-Octamethoxyporphycenes.

Anup Rana1, Pradeepta K Panda

  • 1School of Chemistry and Advance Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad-500046, India.

Organic Letters
|December 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized a novel porphycene with eight methoxy groups, enhancing its solubility. Its palladium complex shows high singlet oxygen yield, indicating potential for photodynamic therapy and photo-oxidation applications.

More Related Videos

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

6.1K
Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Preparation of 6-aminocyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one Derivatives via Tricarbonyltroponeiron
07:56

Preparation of 6-aminocyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one Derivatives via Tricarbonyltroponeiron

Published on: August 12, 2019

7.2K
Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

6.1K
Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Porphycenes are macrocyclic compounds with unique photophysical properties.
  • Functionalization of porphycenes can tune their solubility and photosensitizing capabilities.
  • Methoxy groups are known to influence hydrophilicity and electronic properties of organic molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a novel, highly substituted porphycene derivative for the first time.
  • To investigate the impact of methoxy substituents on porphycene's physicochemical properties.
  • To evaluate the photosensitizing potential of its metallo-derivatives.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-step organic synthesis starting from 3,4-dimethoxypyrrole.
  • Characterization of the synthesized porphycene and its metallo-complexes.
  • Measurement of singlet oxygen quantum yield for the Pd(II)-complex.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of a novel porphycene with eight β-methoxy substituents in three steps.
  • Demonstrated increased hydrophilicity and methanol solubility due to methoxy groups.
  • The Pd(II)-porphycene complex exhibited a high singlet oxygen quantum yield of 73%.

Conclusions:

  • The novel methoxy-substituted porphycene is readily synthesized and exhibits enhanced hydrophilicity.
  • The Pd(II)-complex is a highly efficient photosensitizer.
  • This compound shows promise for applications in photo-oxidation, DNA cleavage, and photodynamic therapy (PDT).