[Past, present and future of the neurosurgery]

In this work a both historical and current journey for the main pathologies regarding the Neurosurgery is achieved, that is to say, the head injuries, the brain tumors, the cerebrovascular diseases, the pathology concerning the cerebrospinal fluid and malformations, the functional neurosurgery, the degenerative spine disease, the spine injuries, the spine tumors and eventually, the pathology of the Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System. Also, references to what can be the Neurosurgery in a not very distant future are taken into account. Finally, some notes about investigation in the Neurosurgery field are added.