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Updated: May 5, 2026

Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices
Published on: November 29, 2024
Manufacturing and device options for the delivery of biotherapeutics
Susan Hoe1, Mohammed A Boraey, James W Ivey
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB, Canada .
Abstract:
Biotherapeutic aerosol formulations are an intense area of interest for systemic and local drug delivery. This article provides a short overview of typical factors required specifically for biotherapeutic aerosol formulation design, the processing options open for consideration, and the issue of inhalation device selection. Focusing on spray drying, four case studies are used to highlight the relevant issues, describing investigations into: (1) the mechanical stresses occurring in bacteriophage formulations during spray-dryer atomization; (2) modeling of the spray-dryer process and droplet drying kinetics, to assist process design and predictions of formulation stability; (3) a predictive approach to the design and processing of a five-component dry powder aerosol formulation; and (4) the survival of bacteriophages after pressurized metered dose inhaler atomization.
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