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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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Sternal development in the pediatric population: evaluation using computed tomography.

Jorge Delgado1, Camilo Jaimes, Kriti Gwal

  • 1Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Pediatric Radiology
|December 7, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Normal sternum development in children shows significant variation, particularly in mesosternal ossification centers. These developmental variations on CT imaging are common and should not be mistaken for pathology.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The typical development of the sternum in children is not well-established through CT imaging.
  • Understanding normal sternal development is crucial for accurate diagnosis in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the normal developmental patterns of the sternum in children using computed tomography (CT) imaging.
  • To provide a reference for evaluating sternal ossification and fusion in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of CT scans from 300 pediatric patients (0.01-9.9 years).
  • Evaluation of ossification centers in the manubrium, mesosternum, and xiphoid.
  • Statistical analysis to identify age and gender-related differences in sternal development.

Main Results:

  • Manubrium: 88% showed a single ossification center; more centers correlated with younger age.
  • Mesosternum: Varied ossification patterns observed across segments, with no significant age-related differences in fusion.
  • Xiphoid: Absent in 67% of patients; 1% exhibited a bifid xiphoid.

Conclusions:

  • Sternal development in children exhibits considerable variability, especially in mesosternal ossification.
  • Recognizing the wide range of normal sternal ossification patterns is essential to avoid misinterpreting findings as pathological.
  • CT imaging provides valuable insights into the complex process of pediatric sternal development.