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Modeling Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats

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ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Hydrocephalus-Child.

, Camilo Jaimes¹, Joanne M Rispoli²

¹Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR

|April 13, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrocephalus, a cerebrospinal fluid disorder, requires age-specific imaging for diagnosis and shunt evaluation. Imaging choices like ultrasound, MRI, and CT depend on urgency, age, and clinical context.

Keywords:

AUC Appropriate Use Criteria Appropriateness Criteria endoscopic third ventriculostomy hydrocephalus shunt failure ventriculoperitoneal shunt

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Pediatrics

Background:

Hydrocephalus involves cerebrospinal fluid circulation issues, causing ventricular enlargement and increased intracranial pressure.
Clinical presentation and imaging strategies for hydrocephalus differ significantly between infants and older children.
Imaging is crucial for diagnosing new hydrocephalus, assessing its severity, identifying causes, and managing cerebrospinal fluid shunts.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the diagnostic and management imaging approaches for hydrocephalus.
To detail the selection criteria for various imaging modalities based on patient age and clinical scenario.
To highlight the role of imaging in evaluating shunt function in patients with cerebrospinal fluid diversion.

Main Methods:

Review of imaging modalities including cranial ultrasound, MRI, and CT scans.
Discussion of age-specific presentations and imaging considerations for hydrocephalus.
Reference to evidence-based guidelines like the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria.

Main Results:

Cranial ultrasound is effective for infants with open fontanelles.
MRI offers detailed visualization of ventricular size and obstruction, with abbreviated protocols available.
Noncontrast CT is valuable for rapid assessments when MRI is not feasible.

Conclusions:

Imaging selection for hydrocephalus is guided by patient age, clinical urgency, and suspected pathology.
Appropriate imaging modalities ensure accurate diagnosis, effective management, and timely evaluation of shunt complications.
Evidence-based guidelines and expert consensus inform the optimal use of imaging in hydrocephalus management.