Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions01:38

Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions

6.5K
Overview
Alcohols can be synthesized from alkyl halides via nucleophilic substitution reactions. The highly polar carbon-halogen bond in the substrate makes halide a good leaving group. The hydroxide ion or water can act as a nucleophile to take the place of halide and form an alcohol. The substitution reactions occur via two different reaction pathways, SN1 or SN2, depending on the nature of carbon attached to the halide.
Primary alcohols are synthesized from primary alkyl halides, and the...
6.5K
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement01:24

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement

1.9K
The Claisen rearrangement is a [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl vinyl ethers to unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The rearrangement is a concerted pericyclic reaction proceeding via a chair-like transition state.
1.9K
Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

12.6K
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
12.6K
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

2.2K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
2.2K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

5.7K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
5.7K
The Y-to-Y Circuit01:19

The Y-to-Y Circuit

805
In a balanced four-wire wye-to-wye system, the arrangement involves wye-connected sinusoidal voltage sources and loads, connected through a neutral wire that links the neutral nodes of the source and load. The load impedance is connected across each phase of the load. The wye-connected source can be connected to the wye-connected load in four-wire and three-wire arrangements. A three-phase system is considered balanced when the load on each phase is equal, leading to uniform current flow and...
805

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Propagation properties of radially polarized hyperbolic sine non-uniform coherent beams in atmospheric turbulence.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2026
Same author

Friction and Wear Behaviors of PI/MoS<sub>2</sub> Bearing Cage Composite Under Elevated Temperature Conditions.

Polymers·2026
Same author

Phase Modulation for Quadruplex Channels of Arbitrary Orthogonal Polarization States via Bilayer Metasurfaces.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Comprehensive evaluation of cyflumetofen between strawberry cultivation and processing factors: Occurrence, degradation, metabolism and risk assessment.

Food chemistry·2026
Same author

Achromatic varifocal metalens enabled by polarization-dependent superposition.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

SAGCN: A syntactic aware multi-branch graph attention network with structural bias for aspect sentiment triplet extraction.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same journal

Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 60 km fiber using an integrated silicon photonic receiver.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

E2E-OCT: end-to-end joint learning model using optical coherence tomography images for vocal cord leukoplakia diagnosis.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Holographic generation of panoramic 3D scenes by concave ellipsoidal mirror reflection.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Dual-pilot phase recovery with pair-wise maximum-ratio combining for coherent PONs.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Mapping the whispering gallery modes of a CaF<sub>2</sub> disk resonator with half-tapered fibers to estimate the fundamental mode volume.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Quantitative estimation of deep-subwavelength scale via dark-field scattering axial energy concentration decay profiles.

Optics letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

9.4K

Asymmetric cryptosystem using random binary phase modulation based on mixture retrieval type of Yang-Gu algorithm:

Wei Liu, Zhengjun Liu, Shutian Liu

    Optics Letters
    |December 11, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study clarifies the construction of optical asymmetric cryptosystems, detailing the relationship between public encryption and private decryption keys for enhanced optical encryption schemes.

    More Related Videos

    Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
    10:08

    Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

    Published on: October 24, 2017

    11.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 5, 2026

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
    08:39

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

    Published on: January 28, 2019

    9.4K
    Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
    10:08

    Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

    Published on: October 24, 2017

    11.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Information Security

    Background:

    • Clarification of optical asymmetric cryptosystem construction methodology.
    • Addressing comments to refine understanding of key relationships.

    Discussion:

    • Detailed explanation of public encryption key and private decryption key interdependence.
    • Guiding future research in optical encryption with asymmetric keys.

    Key Insights:

    • Accurate methodology for building optical asymmetric cryptosystems.
    • Understanding the critical link between encryption and decryption keys.

    Outlook:

    • Promoting correct research directions for optical asymmetric key encryption.
    • Advancing the field of secure optical information processing.