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Updated: May 4, 2026
An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
Published on: February 10, 2014
Effect of location on primary stability and healing of dental implants
Alberto Monje1, Fernando Suarez, Carlos Andrés Garaicoa
1*Resident, Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI. †Visiting Scholar, Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI. ‡Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, CICOM, Center of Implantology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Badajoz, Spain. §Adjunct Professor, Department of Mathematics, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain. ‖Adjunct Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. ¶Professor and Director, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI.
Purpose:
To study implant primary stability and bone healing using resonance frequency analysis in different anatomical locations 4 months after placement.
Material And Methods:
Fifty-six partially edentulous patients restored by dental implants were included. Overall, 214 implants were placed without bone or soft tissue augmentation. All implants were placed with the same drilling protocol and implant insertion torque (35-40 N · cm).
Results:
The mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) value at baseline for all the locations was 75.4 mm (95% confidence interval, 74.20-76.59 mm). Higher ISQ values were found in the mandible. A significant difference between ISQ values of each location (P < 0.001) was identified. The mean values obtained showed an increase (3.4%) in all the locations, being greater in the posterior lower and upper maxillae (3.8%), whereas for the anterior maxilla, it was the least (1.5%) 4 months after healing. This increase was statistically significant in the posterior upper and lower maxillae (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Higher implant stability was found in mandible compared with maxilla in both periods, immediately after insertion and 4 months later. Therefore, according to ISQ values, restoring implants immediately after insertion or after a healing period of 4 months represents safe time points.
