High-density lipoprotein: vascular protective effects, dysfunction, and potential as therapeutic target

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Lipid Metabolism
• Proteomics

Background:

• High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a complex lipoprotein with potential therapeutic applications.
• Epidemiological data and in vitro studies support HDL's role in cardiovascular health.
• Uncertainty remains regarding the clinical efficacy of HDL cholesterol-raising drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of oxidative processes on HDL composition and function in cardiovascular disease.
• To explore the concept of HDL proteome remodeling in coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Main Methods:

• Analysis of HDL proteome composition in patients with CAD or ACS.
• Investigation of oxidative modification processes affecting HDL.
• Assessment of HDL function in relation to proteomic alterations.

Main Results:

• Recent studies indicate HDL modification in CAD and ACS patients due to oxidative stress.
• Oxidative processes lead to alterations in HDL's proteome composition (proteome remodeling).
• Modified HDL exhibits dysfunction, potentially impacting cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions:

• HDL dysfunction, driven by oxidative modification and proteome remodeling, is observed in cardiovascular disease.
• The effectiveness of HDL cholesterol-raising drugs may be limited by HDL modification.
• Further research is needed to understand and target HDL dysfunction in cardiovascular disease.