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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

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DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
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Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
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Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Types of Collisions - II01:19

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When two or more objects collide with each other, they can stick together to form one single composite object (after collision). The total mass of the object after the collision is the sum of the masses of the original objects, and it moves with a velocity dictated by the conservation of momentum. Although the system's total momentum remains constant, the kinetic energy decreases, and thus such a collision is an inelastic collision. Most of the collisions between objects in daily life are...
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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

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Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component...
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Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

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Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
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[Transoral Penetrating Cranial Injury by a Chopstick:A Case Report].

No shinkei geka. Neurological surgeryยท2017
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A Repetitive Concussive Head Injury Model in Mice
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[Repeated head injury during judo practice].

Kazue Fujiwara1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital.

No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
|January 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Repeated mild traumatic brain injuries in student judo athletes can lead to severe outcomes like death or persistent vegetative states. Neurosurgeons must emphasize safety and prevent athletes from returning to play too soon after head injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Traumatology

Context:

  • Analysis of five published documents detailing judo-related head injuries in student athletes.
  • Focus on cases involving acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) with severe consequences.
  • Inclusion of judicial decisions, injury reports, and a book for comprehensive review.

Purpose:

  • To analyze incidents of severe traumatic brain injury in student judo athletes.
  • To investigate the outcomes of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) in young athletes despite neurosurgical examination.
  • To highlight the critical need for improved safety protocols in youth sports.

Summary:

  • Five novice judo athletes experienced severe head trauma, resulting in acute subdural hematoma (ASDH).
  • Despite initial medical evaluations and some return-to-play prohibitions, athletes resumed practice, leading to fatal or permanently disabling second impacts.

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  • Outcomes included two deaths and three individuals in a persistent vegetative state.

    • Impact:

    • Underscores the critical role of neurosurgeons in preventing severe brain injury in young athletes.
    • Emphasizes the necessity of collaboration among athletes, families, coaches, and medical professionals.
    • Highlights the importance of vigilant monitoring for concussion symptoms and strict adherence to return-to-play guidelines.