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Development and evaluation of a new multi-metal binding biosorbent.

A Abdolali¹, H H Ngo¹, W S Guo¹

¹Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.

Bioresource Technology

|January 11, 2014

Summary

A novel biosorbent made from agricultural waste effectively removes lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc from water. This multi-metal binding biosorbent (MMBB) shows high capacity and can be regenerated for reuse.

Keywords:

Agro industrial waste Biosorption Heavy metal Isotherm Kinetic study

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Materials Science
Chemistry

Background:

Industrial activities release heavy metals into aquatic environments, posing significant risks.
Lignocellulosic agro-industrial wastes are abundant and underutilized resources for developing sustainable materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel multi-metal binding biosorbent (MMBB) from agricultural wastes for heavy metal removal.
To compare the efficacy of different MMBB combinations in eliminating lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc.

Main Methods:

Four MMBBs were synthesized using combinations of tea waste, corncob, sugarcane bagasse, sawdust, apple peel, and grape stalk.
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the functional groups of the best-performing biosorbent (MMBB2).
Batch experiments were conducted to determine the biosorption capacities for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II).

Main Results:

MMBB2, composed of tea waste, corncob, and sawdust, demonstrated superior performance among the tested biosorbents.
MMBB2 achieved maximum biosorption capacities of 41.48 mg/g for Cd(II), 39.48 mg/g for Cu(II), 94.00 mg/g for Pb(II), and 27.23 mg/g for Zn(II).
The MMBB2 exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining high biosorptive capacity after five regeneration cycles using different eluents.

Conclusions:

The developed MMBB, particularly MMBB2, is a highly effective and sustainable biosorbent for removing multiple heavy metals from aqueous solutions.
The abundance of functional groups in MMBB2 contributes to its high multi-metal binding efficiency.
The biosorbent's regenerability and reusability highlight its potential for practical application in wastewater treatment and metal recovery.