Relation between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes.
Prasert Sunsaneevithayakul1, Vitaya Titapant, Pornpimol Ruangvutilert
1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
|January 17, 2014
Summary
Thai pregnant women can achieve better pregnancy outcomes by following tailored gestational weight gain recommendations. These new guidelines promote a higher rate of appropriate-for-gestational-age infants compared to previous standards.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Public Health Nutrition
Background:
- Gestational weight gain (GWG) significantly impacts maternal and infant outcomes.
- Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is a critical factor influencing optimal GWG.
- Existing GWG recommendations may not be universally applicable, particularly in diverse ethnic populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of GWG on pregnancy outcomes in Thai women across different pre-pregnancy BMI categories.
- To propose optimized GWG ranges for Thai pregnant women to improve infant growth and reduce adverse outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 5200 medical records of Thai women delivering between September 2011 and August 2012.
- Categorization of pre-pregnancy BMI based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
- Determination of optimal GWG ranges to maximize the proportion of appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants.
Main Results:
- Optimal GWG ranges proposed: 10-18 kg (underweight), 8-16 kg (normal), 6-14 kg (overweight), and 4-8 kg (obese).
- Higher adherence (60%) to proposed criteria compared to 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations (40.5%).
- Compliance with proposed GWG significantly reduced adverse outcomes like large-for-gestational-age infants, cesarean sections, and severe pre-eclampsia.
Conclusions:
- The proposed GWG recommendations are realistic and achievable for Thai pregnant women.
- Adherence to these tailored GWG guidelines can lead to a higher proportion of AGA infants.
- Implementing these recommendations can improve overall pregnancy outcomes in the Thai population.
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