Preoperative Anxiety and Early Postoperative Recovery Among Women Undergoing Gynecologic Surgery in Vietnam: A...

To determine the prevalence of preoperative anxiety among women undergoing gynecologic surgery in Vietnam and evaluate its association with early postoperative pain, sleep disturbance, and functional status.

This prospective longitudinal observational study included 394 women scheduled for gynecologic surgery at a tertiary hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam, from May to December 2024. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale. Preoperative information and counseling, perceived social support, and clinical characteristics were evaluated before surgery. Pain and functional status were assessed 48 h after surgery using the Numeric Rating Scale and Barthel Index, respectively, while the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was administered at the same assessment using its standard 2-week recall period. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were performed to identify factors associated with preoperative anxiety and postoperative outcomes.

One hundred thirty-one participants (33.2%) screened positive for anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 5), with mild, moderate, and severe anxiety observed in 25.6%, 4.6%, and 3.0% of the cohort, respectively. Preexisting mental health conditions, lower perceived quality of preoperative information and counseling, and lower perceived support from significant others and friends were associated with higher preoperative anxiety scores. Higher preoperative anxiety was associated with greater postoperative pain intensity and higher ISI scores, but not with early functional status.

Preoperative anxiety was highly prevalent among women undergoing gynecologic surgery and was associated with poorer early postoperative pain and sleep outcomes. Routine anxiety screening, improved preoperative communication, and targeted psychosocial support may contribute to more patient-centered perioperative care.