Trigeminal trophic syndrome

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS) is a rare condition characterized by facial ulceration.
• It results from damage to the trigeminal nerve or its central sensory pathways.
• Facial ulceration, particularly on the ala nasi, associated with sensory impairment, should raise suspicion for TTS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS).
• To discuss the diagnostic considerations and management of TTS in a clinical setting.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 48-year-old woman.
• Clinical presentation included Bell's palsy following herpes zoster infection.
• Diagnostic suspicion based on unilateral facial ulceration and sensory impairment.

Main Results:

• The patient was diagnosed with Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS).
• Treatment and counseling were provided.
• No recurrence of ulceration was observed for one year during follow-up.

Conclusions:

• Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS) diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion.
• Unilateral facial ulceration, especially involving the ala nasi with sensory deficits, is a key indicator.
• Effective management and follow-up are crucial for patients with TTS.