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Shearing Stress

Shearing Stress

Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.

Shear Diagram

Shear Diagram

In the study of beam mechanics, shear diagrams play a crucial role in understanding the distribution of shear forces along the length of a beam. Consider a beam AB that is supported at both ends and subjected to perpendicular loads.
First, a free-body diagram of the beam is drawn, representing all the external forces and internal reactions acting on the beam. One can calculate the reaction forces at each support by employing the equilibrium equations of force and moment. The vertical component...

Singularity Functions for Shear

Singularity Functions for Shear

In structural analysis, singularity functions are crucial in simplifying the representation of shear forces in beams under discontinuous loading. These functions describe discontinuous variations in shear force across a beam with varying loads by using a single mathematical expression, regardless of the complexity of the loading conditions. The singularity functions are derived from creating a free-body diagram of the beam and then making conceptual cuts at specific points to examine the shear...

Stratified Sampling Method

Stratified Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...

Genome Annotation and Assembly

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

Relation Between the Distributed Load and Shear

Relation Between the Distributed Load and Shear

Understanding the relationship between the distributed load and shear force in structural analysis is crucial for analyzing beams subjected to various loading conditions. Consider the case of a beam experiencing a distributed load, two concentrated loads, and a couple moment.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

Published on: October 31, 2016

SHEAR: sample heterogeneity estimation and assembly by reference.

Sean R Landman, Tae Hyun Hwang¹, Kevin A T Silverstein

¹Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. taehyun.hwang@utsouthwestern.edu.

|January 31, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

SHEAR accurately assembles personal genomes from heterogeneous samples, improving downstream analysis. This novel tool estimates variant percentages and handles complex structural variants efficiently.

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Last Updated: May 3, 2026

The Assembly and Application of 'Shear Rings': A Novel Endothelial Model for Orbital, Unidirectional and Periodic Fluid Flow and Shear Stress

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Published on: October 31, 2016

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Ensemble Force Spectroscopy by Shear Forces

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Published on: July 26, 2022

Area of Science:

Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Personal genome assembly is crucial for analyzing tumor genomes and divergent sequences.
Heterogeneous variants in sequencing reads complicate assembly with existing tools.
Accurate personal genomes enhance downstream analyses like RNA-seq and ChIP-seq.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a tool for accurate personal genome assembly from heterogeneous samples.
To address the challenge of variant heterogeneity in tumor sequencing data.
To generate personal genomic sequences for improved downstream analyses.

Main Methods:

Developed SHEAR (Sample Heterogeneity Estimation and Assembly by Reference).
Utilizes structural variant detection algorithms.
Estimates representative percentages of heterogeneous variants.
Generates personal genomic sequences.

Main Results:

SHEAR demonstrates improved performance in handling difficult structural variant types.
The tool shows enhanced computational efficiency compared to competing approaches.
Successfully estimates heterogeneity percentages in simulated and real tumor cell line data.
Exhibits better ability to handle tandem duplications.

Conclusions:

SHEAR enables accurate and efficient structural variant detection and personal genome generation.
The tool effectively accounts for sample heterogeneity, crucial for tumor tissues.
Estimates subpopulation percentages for each heterogeneous variant, aiding analysis.