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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
Published on: October 7, 2025
MiRNAs in human cancers: the diagnostic and therapeutic implications
Qiong Wu, Zhiping Yang, Yongquan Shi
1127 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China. fandaim@fmmu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
From chemotherapy and radiotherapy to molecular targeted therapy, in recent decades, we have witnessed the acceleration of cancer treatments. However, nowadays, it has encountered obstacles due to multi-drug resistance, drug-induced toxicity and the insufficient disruption of cancer pathways. Thus, it is required to have more efficient approaches for cancer treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are perhaps the most researched genes in the last decade. They have been reported to play significant roles in cancers and are considered to be applied in targeted cancer therapies. Here, we will firstly review the implications of miRNAs in clinical use from the aspects of miRNA biogenesis and biological functions, followed by the diagnostic and prognostic values of miRNAs. Furthermore, the application of miRNAs in pre-clinical cancer models and clinical trials regarding miRNAs will also be discussed. Moreover, since miRNA delivery is the biggest challenge for miRNA based therapy, the commonly used delivery methods will then be reviewed. The miRNA combinational therapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy will be reviewed and discussed at last.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) offer promising cancer treatment strategies, addressing limitations of current therapies. This review explores miRNA applications, delivery methods, and combination therapies for improved cancer care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy face challenges including drug resistance and toxicity.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression with significant roles in cancer development.
- There is a need for more effective cancer treatment approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical implications of microRNAs in cancer.
- To discuss diagnostic and prognostic values of miRNAs.
- To explore miRNA-based therapeutic strategies and delivery methods.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of miRNA biogenesis, biological functions, and roles in cancer.
- Analysis of diagnostic and prognostic applications of miRNAs.
- Examination of pre-clinical models and clinical trials involving miRNAs.
- Review of miRNA delivery systems and combination therapies.
Main Results:
- MicroRNAs demonstrate significant potential in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
- Various miRNA delivery methods are being developed to overcome therapeutic challenges.
- Combinational therapy involving miRNAs shows promise for enhanced anti-cancer effects.
Conclusions:
- MicroRNAs represent a promising frontier in targeted cancer therapy.
- Further research into miRNA delivery and combination strategies is crucial for clinical translation.
- MicroRNA-based approaches could overcome current limitations in cancer treatment.
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