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Development and validation of an objective balance error scoring system.

Harrison J Brown1, Gunter P Siegmund, Kevin M Guskiewicz

  • 11School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA; 2MEA Forensic Engineers & Scientists, Richmond, British Columbia, CANADA; 3Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; 4Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA; 5Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|February 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A new objective Balance Error Scoring System (oBESS) using inertial measurement units (IMU) reliably predicts balance scores. This technology offers an accurate and affordable alternative for human standing balance assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Science
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Accurate human standing balance assessment is limited by technology access and tool reliability outside lab settings.
  • Current methods lack objectivity and affordability for widespread clinical use.
  • There is a need for a simple, objective balance assessment tool.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a simple, objective balance assessment tool.
  • To provide an accurate, reliable, and affordable alternative to existing balance assessment methods.
  • To utilize inertial measurement units (IMU) for objective balance scoring.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty healthy subjects performed the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS).
  • Inertial measurement units (IMU) recorded body movements from seven locations.
  • An algorithm computed objective BESS (oBESS) scores from IMU data, validated against expert rater scores.

Main Results:

  • High interrater reliability was observed among BESS raters (ICC3,1 = 0.91).
  • The oBESS accurately predicted BESS scores using forehead IMU data (ICC3,1 = 0.92).
  • oBESS showed lower accuracy for specific conditions used in concussion protocols (ICC3,1 = 0.68).

Conclusions:

  • The oBESS reliably predicts total BESS scores in healthy individuals.
  • oBESS offers a valid, objective, and reliable alternative to current BESS scoring methods.
  • Further validation is needed for broader clinical application.