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Updated: May 3, 2026

A GPC3-targeting Bispecific Antibody, GPC3-S-Fab, with Potent Cytotoxicity
Published on: July 12, 2018
Single-domain antibodies and their utility.
Toya Nath Baral1, Roger MacKenzie1,2, Mehdi Arbabi Ghahroudi1,2,3
1Human Health Therapeutics, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) derived from camelids offer unique advantages for immunobiotherapeutics due to their small size and high stability. This work details protocols for isolating and characterizing sdAbs for diverse therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Immunology
- Protein Engineering
Background:
- Engineered antibody fragments are crucial for future immunobiotherapeutics.
- Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), derived from VHHs of camelid heavy-chain antibodies, possess advantageous characteristics like small size, high affinity, stability, and low immunogenicity.
- sdAbs can access hidden epitopes inaccessible to conventional antibodies due to their protruding CDR3/H3 loops.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present comprehensive protocols for isolating sdAbs from immunized camelids against target antigens using phage-display technology.
- To describe the expression, purification, and characterization of isolated sdAbs.
- To showcase examples of sdAb applications.
Main Methods:
- Phage-display technology for sdAb isolation from immunized llamas.
- Detailed protocols for sdAb expression and purification.
- Characterization methods for assessing sdAb properties and functionality.
Main Results:
- Established step-by-step protocols for generating sdAbs against specific antigens.
- Demonstrated successful expression, purification, and characterization of isolated sdAbs.
- Provided examples illustrating the diverse applications of sdAbs.
Conclusions:
- sdAbs are versatile and potent tools for immunobiotherapeutics.
- The presented protocols facilitate the development and application of sdAbs.
- sdAbs hold significant promise for various therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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