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Approximate solution to vector radiative transfer in gradient-index medium.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Optics
    • Radiative Transfer

    Background:

    • Gradient-index media exhibit complex radiative transfer due to curved ray paths.
    • Polarized light behavior in such media is challenging to model accurately.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an approximate multilayer model for simulating vector radiative transfer in gradient-index media.
    • To analyze the effects of polarization from scattering and refraction.

    Main Methods:

    • Dividing the gradient-index medium into multiple sublayers with uniform refractive indices.
    • Approximating polarization effects using virtual Fresnel interfaces and transmission.
    • Employing the Monte Carlo (MC) method to solve radiative transfer equations.

    Main Results:

    • The multilayer model provides grid-independent and convergent solutions for Stokes vectors with sufficient sublayers.
    • Results for apparent emissivity and two-layer media align with existing literature.
    • Investigated polarized radiative transfer in Rayleigh scattering slabs with varying gradient profiles.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed multilayer model effectively simulates polarized radiative transfer in gradient-index media.
    • Internal total reflection significantly influences the angular distribution of Stokes vectors.
    • The approach offers a viable method for complex optical simulations.