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Updated: May 3, 2026

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
Published on: November 28, 2018
Update on perioperative right heart assessment using transesophageal echocardiography
Karsten Bartels1, Jörn Karhausen2, Breandan L Sullivan3
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Purpose Of The Review:
This review aims to summarize recent findings relevant for perioperative 2- and 3-dimensional imaging of the right heart with transesophageal echocardiography. Special attention is given to developments that are likely to affect future approaches for prevention and therapy of perioperative right heart failure.
Recent Findings:
Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography techniques are becoming more common for the evaluation of anatomy, volumes, and functional indices.
Summary:
Right heart failure continues to contribute to morbidity and mortality in the context of cardiothoracic surgery. The advent and widespread clinical use of innovative tools permitting more accurate echocardiographic assessment of the right heart will open the door to renewed interest in novel therapeutic strategies.
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