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Comparison of hyperpronation and supination-flexion techniques in children presented to emergency department with
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Training and Research Hospital Samsun, Turkey.
Insights
The hyperpronation technique is more effective for reducing radial head subluxations (nursemaid
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Musculoskeletal Injuries
Background:
- Radial head subluxation, commonly known as nursemaid's elbow, is a frequent pediatric upper extremity injury.
- It is a leading cause for Emergency Department (ED) visits in young children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effectiveness and pain levels of two reduction techniques for radial head subluxations in children.
- The techniques compared are wrist hyperpronation versus the traditional supination-flexion maneuver.
Main Methods:
- A prospective randomized study included children aged 1-5 years presenting to the ED with painful pronation.
- Children received either the hyperpronation or supination-flexion technique for reduction.
- Pain scores were assessed before and after reduction, with a crossover to the alternate technique if initial reduction failed.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in pain scores was found between the hyperpronation and supination-flexion techniques.
- The hyperpronation technique demonstrated greater effectiveness in achieving reduction.
Conclusions:
- Hyperpronation is a more effective method for reducing radial head subluxations in children presenting with painful pronation.
- Both techniques were comparable in terms of the pain experienced by the children.
Context:
Radial head subluxation, also known as 'pulled elbow', 'dislocated elbow' or 'nursemaid's elbow', is one of the most common upper extremity injuries in young children and a common reason to visit Emergency Department (ED).
Aim:
To compare supination of the wrist followed by flexion of the elbow (the traditional reduction technique) to hyperpronation of the wrist in the reduction of radial head subluxations (nursemaid's elbow) maneuvers in children presented to ED with painful pronation and to determine which method is less painful by children.
Settings And Design:
This prospective randomize study involved a consecutive sampling of children between 1-5 year old who were presented to the ED with painful pronation.
Materials And Methods:
The initial procedure was repeated if baseline functioning did not return 20 minutes after the initial reduction attempt. Failure of that technique 30 minutes after the initial reduction attempt resulted in a cross-over to the alternate method of reduction.
Statistical Analysis Used:
Datas were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 16.0. Mean, standard deviation, independent samples t test, Chi-square test, and paired t test were used in the assessment of pain scores before and after reduction.
Results:
When pain scores before and after reduction were compared between groups to determine which technique is less painful by children, no significant difference was found between groups.
Conclusions:
It was found that in the reduction of radial head subluxations, the hyperpronation technique is more effective in children who were presented to ED with painful pronation compared with supination-flexion. However, there was no significant difference between these techniques in terms of pain.
