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Injectable PolyMIPE Scaffolds for Soft Tissue Regeneration.

Robert S Moglia1, Jennifer L Robinson1, Andrea D Muschenborn1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843-3120, U.S.A.

Polymer
|February 25, 2014
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Summary

Injectable biomaterial scaffolds using polymerized medium internal phase emulsion (polyMIPE) technology offer a promising solution for soft tissue repair. These scaffolds provide tunable mechanical properties and interconnected porosity for tissue regeneration without toxic solvents.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Soft tissue loss from injury or disease impairs function and causes disfigurement.
  • Tissue engineering seeks to regenerate tissues using synthetic scaffolds to overcome donor tissue limitations.
  • Scaffolds must mimic native tissue's mechanical properties, including modulus, strength, and elasticity, and possess interconnected porosity for nutrient transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an injectable, body-temperature curing scaffold for soft tissue regeneration.
  • To create poly(ester urethane urea) scaffolds using polymerized medium internal phase emulsion (polyMIPE) technology.
  • To characterize the mechanical properties, pore architecture, and cytocompatibility of the developed scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polymerized medium internal phase emulsion (polyMIPE) to fabricate injectable scaffolds.
  • Polymerized scaffolds at body temperature, avoiding toxic solvents, high temperatures, or pressures.
  • Characterized scaffold mechanical properties (modulus, strength), pore size, interconnectivity, and human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) cytocompatibility.

Main Results:

  • Developed injectable poly(ester urethane urea) scaffolds that cure to porous foams at body temperature.
  • Achieved tunable compressive moduli (20-200 kPa) and strengths (4-60 kPa) with high elastic recovery (97-99%).
  • Generated scaffolds with highly interconnected pores, including large voids (0.5-2 mm) and smaller water-templated pores (50-300 μm), demonstrating tunable pore architecture.

Conclusions:

  • Injectable polyMIPE foams are a promising biomaterial for soft tissue repair.
  • The polyMIPE method allows for modulation of scaffold pore architecture and mechanical properties.
  • Initial hMSC cytocompatibility supports the potential of these scaffolds in regenerative applications.