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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Improved Home Blood Pressure Control by CT-guided Ozone-mediated Renal Denervation for Patients with Resistant Hypertension
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Approach to cases with resistant hypertension.

Dilek Torun1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Adana Teaching and Medical Research Center; Adana-Turkey. dilektorun@hotmail.com.

Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian Journal of Cardiology
|February 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Resistant hypertension, uncontrolled blood pressure despite three medications, requires addressing lifestyle factors and secondary causes like adrenal or renal disorders. Early diagnosis and management are key for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Resistant hypertension (RH) is defined as blood pressure (BP) remaining above 140/90 mm Hg despite optimal doses of three antihypertensive agents, ideally including a diuretic.
  • The etiology of RH is multifactorial, involving lifestyle, adherence, and secondary causes.

Observation:

  • Lifestyle factors (obesity, high salt/alcohol intake) and medication non-adherence contribute to RH.
  • Pseudoresistance must be excluded before further evaluation.
  • Secondary causes, particularly adrenal (e.g., primary hyperaldosteronism) and renal disorders (e.g., renovascular disease), are crucial to identify.

Findings:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is frequently observed in RH patients, though not a typical cause.
  • Comprehensive diagnostic workup is essential for effective management.

Implications:

  • Identifying and reversing contributing factors, including secondary causes, is vital for successful RH treatment.
  • This approach aids in managing complex hypertension cases and improving patient prognosis.