Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Oncology
• Transplantation Medicine

Background:

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver malignancy, characterized by aggressive behavior and limited survival rates (6-20 months).
• Hepatitis B and C are the predominant causes of HCC, highlighting the importance of viral hepatitis management.
• Current diagnostic methods, including pathology, lab tests, and imaging, face utilization controversies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and management.
• To highlight the limitations of existing treatment modalities for HCC.
• To emphasize the potential of liver transplantation as a curative option for HCC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HCC.
• Analysis of current treatment options and their associated limitations.
• Evaluation of liver transplantation as a definitive treatment for HCC.

Main Results:

• Diagnosis of HCC involves multiple modalities with ongoing debates regarding optimal use.
• Various treatment options are available, each with inherent limitations.
• Liver transplantation provides the most promising curative approach for HCC by removing the diseased liver.

Conclusions:

• Despite advancements, the full potential of liver transplantation for HCC has not been realized.
• Emerging immunosuppressive and chemotherapy regimens may enhance the efficacy of liver transplantation for HCC.
• Further research is crucial to optimize HCC management and improve patient survival through transplantation.