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Computed Tomography

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...

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Updated: May 2, 2026

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Methods for CT automatic exposure control protocol translation between scanner platforms.

Sarah E McKenney¹, J Anthony Seibert¹, Ramit Lamba¹

¹Department of Radiology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR

|March 5, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Developing methods to translate computed tomography (CT) protocols across different scanner models is feasible. Quantitative metrics like dose index or image noise can be used, but patient size impacts results between GE and Siemens systems.

Keywords:

CT protocols automatic exposure control phantoms tube current modulation

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging Physics
Radiological Technology

Background:

Consistent computed tomography (CT) protocol propagation across diverse scanner fleets is challenging.
Automatic exposure control (AEC) parameters, crucial for tube current modulation, are difficult to standardize across different CT scanner makes and models, especially between manufacturers.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and investigate objective methods for translating CT automatic exposure control (AEC) protocols between different CT scanner models.
To assess the feasibility of maintaining consistent image quality and patient dose across scanners from different manufacturers.

Main Methods:

Investigated three CT scanners: GE LightSpeed 16, GE VCT, and Siemens Definition AS+.
Developed protocol translation schemes based on matching volumetric CT dose index or image noise.
Utilized a variable-diameter phantom to develop analytic fit functions relating AEC parameters across scanners for different patient sizes.

Main Results:

Linear translation functions were sufficient between GE scanner models (LightSpeed 16 to VCT).
A power-law function was required for protocol translation between GE and Siemens scanners due to differing AEC functionalities.
Protocol translation schemes showed dependency on patient size, particularly between GE and Siemens systems.

Conclusions:

Quantitative metrics enable feasible CT protocol translation across scanners.
Patient size significantly influences protocol translation, especially between different manufacturers.
Dose-preserving translation schemes may not guarantee identical image quality across all scanners.