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Attempts to induce nocardioform placentitis (Crossiela equi) experimentally in mares
I F Canisso1, B A Ball, E Erol
1Reproduction Laboratory, The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
Equine Veterinary Journal
|March 12, 2014
Summary
Researchers attempted to induce nocardioform placentitis in horses through various inoculation methods but were unsuccessful. Findings suggest that simple exposure to nocardiform actinomycetes does not cause the disease, indicating other factors are involved.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Equine Reproduction
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Nocardioform placentitis in horses is not well understood.
- An experimental model is needed to study the disease's pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if intrauterine, intravenous, oral, or intranasopharyngeal inoculation of Crossiela equi can induce nocardioform placentitis.
- To detect nocardioform microorganisms in endometrial swabs before and after mating.
Main Methods:
- Mares were inoculated with Crossiela equi via intrauterine, intravenous, oral, or intranasopharyngeal routes at different stages of gestation or post-mating.
- Endometrial swabs were collected for PCR analysis.
Main Results:
- Intrauterine inoculation of C. equi did not consistently induce placentitis, with most mares delivering normally.
- Other inoculation routes also failed to induce the disease.
- No nocardioform microorganisms were detected in endometrial swabs from mares before or after mating.
Conclusions:
- The study could not induce nocardioform placentitis experimentally.
- Simple exposure to nocardiform actinomycetes is insufficient to cause the disease.
- Route, dose, duration of exposure, and other predispositions may influence disease development.
