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Rate responsive pacing using a minute ventilation sensor.

H Mond1, N Strathmore, P Kertes

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces a new pacemaker that adjusts heart rate based on minute ventilation, mimicking natural responses. This innovative system offers a more physiologic pacing solution for patients with heart rhythm disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Minute ventilation, a measure of breathing, correlates with physiological demands like oxygen consumption and cardiac output.
  • Traditional pacemakers lack adaptive rate adjustments based on metabolic needs.
  • Developing pacemakers that respond to physiological signals is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel single-chamber implantable pacemaker that adjusts pacing rate in response to minute ventilation.
  • To assess the physiologic response and programmability of this minute ventilation-responsive pacing system.

Main Methods:

  • The system measures transthoracic impedance to estimate minute ventilation.
  • An adaptive mode calculates a rate response factor after maximal exercise.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The system was implanted in 12 patients, and post-implant exercise testing was conducted.

    • Main Results:

    • Pacing rate increased promptly during exercise and remained elevated before gradually returning to baseline.
    • Peak pacing rate and time to upper rate were workload-dependent.
    • Comparative studies showed the minute ventilation system more closely mimicked normal sinus node response to activity than activity sensor systems.

    Conclusions:

    • The minute ventilation rate-responsive pacing system is a simple, physiologic, and effective solution.
    • It requires no special leads and is easily programmable.
    • This technology offers a significant advancement in rate-adaptive pacing.