Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

2.3K
2.3K
The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

5.7K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
5.7K
Drag Force and Terminal Speed01:18

Drag Force and Terminal Speed

3.3K
An interesting force in everyday life is the force of drag on an object when it is moving in a fluid. Like friction, the drag force always opposes the motion of an object. Unlike simple friction, the drag force is proportional to some function of the velocity of the object in that fluid. This functionality is complicated and depends upon the shape of the object, its size, its velocity, and the fluid it is in. For most large objects, such as cyclists, cars, and baseballs, that are not moving too...
3.3K
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

4.4K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
4.4K
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

3.2K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
3.2K
Radical Formation: Elimination00:51

Radical Formation: Elimination

1.6K
Another method of radical formation is the elimination process. It is the opposite of the addition route and is driven by the instability of the radical. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, dibenzoyl peroxide yields a pair of unstable radicals upon homolysis. Given its instability, this radical spontaneously undergoes elimination via a C–C bond cleavage to form a relatively more stable phenyl radical. The mechanism involves cleavage of the bond between the α and β positions...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrating AI in Medicinal Chemistry for Accelerated Drug Discovery: A Comprehensive SAR (CSAR) Optimization Strategy and Discovery of Potent ALDH3A1 Inhibitors.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

High yield production of C-terminally processed KRAS4a, HRAS, and NRAS for biophysical study.

Protein expression and purification·2026
Same author

mRNA COVID-19 vaccination induces minimal IgA in saliva in the absence of prior clinical or subclinical infection.

Vaccine·2026
Same author

Disulfide tethering reveals cryptic pockets in oncogenic KRAS.

Communications chemistry·2026
Same author

Dynamic switching of apoptosis-modulating BIM heterodimers in response to BH3 mimetics in xenograft models of hematologic malignancies.

Molecular cancer therapeutics·2026
Same author

Discovery of BBO-11818, a Potent and Selective Noncovalent Inhibitor of (ON) and (OFF) KRAS with Activity against Multiple Oncogenic Mutants.

Cancer discovery·2026
Same journal

Vascular RhoJ Is an Effective and Selective Target for Tumor Angiogenesis and Vascular Disruption.

Cancer cell·2026
Same journal

Intratumoral B cells under stress.

Cancer cell·2026
Same journal

Chronic stress unleashes an intratumor phage-fibroblast-B cell circuit to promote tumor growth.

Cancer cell·2026
Same journal

Molecular phenotypes and spatial archetypes: A new framework for cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Cancer cell·2026
Same journal

OpenIO: An open framework for AI-native immunotherapy.

Cancer cell·2026
Same journal

From prediction to interpretation in computational pathology.

Cancer cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Tickling, a Technique for Inducing Positive Affect When Handling Rats
05:37

Tickling, a Technique for Inducing Positive Affect When Handling Rats

Published on: May 8, 2018

39.5K

Dragging ras back in the ring.

Andrew G Stephen1, Dominic Esposito1, Rachel K Bagni1

  • 1Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

Cancer Cell
|March 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ras proteins are key drivers of human cancers but remain "undruggable" due to poor understanding of their complex biology. New therapeutic strategies targeting these difficult-to-treat cancers require deeper insights into Ras protein function.

More Related Videos

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

15.0K
Paw-Dragging: a Novel, Sensitive Analysis of the Mouse Cylinder Test
09:14

Paw-Dragging: a Novel, Sensitive Analysis of the Mouse Cylinder Test

Published on: April 29, 2015

23.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Tickling, a Technique for Inducing Positive Affect When Handling Rats
05:37

Tickling, a Technique for Inducing Positive Affect When Handling Rats

Published on: May 8, 2018

39.5K
Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

15.0K
Paw-Dragging: a Novel, Sensitive Analysis of the Mouse Cylinder Test
09:14

Paw-Dragging: a Novel, Sensitive Analysis of the Mouse Cylinder Test

Published on: April 29, 2015

23.7K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ras proteins are crucial in human cancers, yet effective therapies remain elusive.
  • These proteins are considered "undruggable" due to historical limitations in understanding their complex signaling pathways, feedback loops, and role in tumor heterogeneity.
  • Previous therapeutic failures stem from incomplete knowledge of Ras oncoprotein structures and their downstream target activation mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant role of Ras proteins in human cancers.
  • To underscore the challenges and knowledge gaps hindering the development of effective Ras-targeted therapies.
  • To advocate for enhanced understanding of Ras biology and biochemistry for novel therapeutic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Ras protein function in cancer.
  • Analysis of historical therapeutic failures and their underlying causes.
  • Identification of critical knowledge gaps in Ras signaling and protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • Ras-driven cancers represent a significant and challenging clinical problem.
  • Past attempts to target Ras proteins have been unsuccessful due to a poor grasp of their complex biological roles.
  • Key knowledge gaps persist regarding Ras oncoprotein structures and their precise mechanisms of downstream target activation.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of Ras biology and biochemistry is essential for overcoming therapeutic challenges.
  • Novel strategies are needed to target previously undruggable proteins like Ras.
  • Advancing research in Ras-driven cancers holds promise for developing new treatments for these difficult-to-treat malignancies.