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Oral lichen planus and lichenoid mucositis
Scott S De Rossi1, Katharine Ciarrocca2
1Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an inflammatory condition often seen in middle-aged women. Diagnosis requires biopsy, and while corticosteroids are standard, newer treatments and vigilant monitoring for cancer are crucial.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Dermatology
- Oral Medicine
Background:
- Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting oral mucosa.
- Etiology is complex, involving immunologic mechanisms leading to lesion destruction.
- Commonly observed in middle-aged women.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the understanding of oral lichen planus (OLP) pathogenesis.
- To outline diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for OLP.
- To emphasize the importance of monitoring for malignant transformation.
Main Methods:
- Histologic examination via biopsy for definitive diagnosis.
- Review of current treatment modalities, including corticosteroids and immunomodulators.
- Clinical surveillance for potential complications.
Main Results:
- Biopsy is essential for accurate histologic diagnosis of OLP.
- Topical corticosteroids are the primary treatment; immunomodulating agents offer alternatives for resistant cases.
- Lichenoid reactions necessitate removal of causative agents.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of OLP involves accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment.
- Long-term monitoring and repeat biopsies are critical due to the risk of squamous cell carcinoma.
- Understanding the immunologic basis aids in developing future therapies.
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