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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

906
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
906
Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

50
Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
50
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

613
Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
613
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

817
Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
817
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

1.5K
Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
1.5K
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

39
A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
39

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Updated: May 1, 2026

Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets
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Portopulmonary hypertension.

Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba1, Michael J Krowka1

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Clinics in Liver Disease
|April 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is a serious complication for liver transplant candidates. Treating POPH with specific pulmonary artery vasodilators can improve outcomes and enable transplantation.

Keywords:
CirrhosisLiver transplantPortal hypertensionPortopulmonary hypertensionPulmonary hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hepatology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is defined as pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with coexisting portal hypertension.
  • POPH affects 4.5%–8.5% of liver transplant candidates.
  • Untreated moderate to severe POPH can preclude liver transplantation due to risks of intraoperative and post-transplant mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of pulmonary artery vasodilator medications on patients with portopulmonary hypertension.
  • To determine if treatment can optimize right ventricular function and survival in liver transplant candidates with POPH.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of liver transplant candidates diagnosed with POPH.
  • Administration of specific pulmonary artery vasodilator medications.
  • Monitoring of mean pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular function.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary artery vasodilator medications demonstrated effectiveness in reducing pulmonary artery pressures.
  • Improvements in right ventricular function were observed in patients receiving treatment.
  • Treatment correlated with enhanced survival rates in the studied population.

Conclusions:

  • Specific pulmonary artery vasodilator medications are effective in managing POPH.
  • Treatment can optimize conditions for liver transplantation by improving hemodynamic parameters and right ventricular function.
  • Effective POPH management is crucial for improving survival and enabling liver transplantation.