Revision hallux valgus: causes and correction options

The need for revision hallux valgus surgery is a problem all surgeons encounter. Revision of a failed hallux valgus surgery is often difficult, and very little research exists and few papers have been presented on the topic. Hallux valgus failure has multiple causes, including reoccurrence, avascular necrosis, malunion, nonunion, and hallux varus. These problems can be difficult to address, although some are far more difficult to correct than others. This article details the underlying causes of hallux valgus failure, the workup, and the revision options, with the hope of providing greater education and research on this difficult problem.