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Sunitinib Improves Some Clinical Aspects and Reverts DMBA-Induced Hyperplasic Lesions in Hamster Buccal Pouch
Fernanda Lopes de Souza1, Mariana Oliveira1, Marianne Brochado Nunes1
1Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Faculdade de Biociências, PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga 6681, Prédio 12, Sala 104, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
ISRN Otolaryngology
|April 3, 2014
Summary
Sunitinib may prevent oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by reverting precancerous lesion changes in hamsters. This tyrosine kinase inhibitor showed benefits in early carcinogenesis, suggesting potential for chemoprevention.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Carcinogenesis Research
- Preclinical Cancer Models
Background:
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) poses a significant public health challenge.
- The hamster buccal pouch model is a validated system for studying OSCC development.
- Investigating therapeutic agents for early-stage OSCC is crucial for effective chemoprevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on precancerous lesions induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in a hamster buccal pouch model.
- To assess sunitinib's potential role in the chemoprevention of oral carcinogenesis.
- To analyze the impact of sunitinib on specific histopathological features associated with DMBA-induced lesions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a hamster buccal pouch model with 34 male hamsters divided into six experimental groups.
- Induced precancerous lesions using 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in acetone and carbamide peroxide.
- Administered sunitinib for four weeks to one group and evaluated anatomopathological features, histological sections, epithelium thickness, and rete ridge density.
Main Results:
- Sunitinib did not prevent DMBA-induced weight loss but reduced pouch volume increase and ulceration.
- DMBA-treated groups showed a significant increase in rete ridge density (P < 0.01) compared to controls.
- Sunitinib treatment reverted the significant increase in rete ridge density observed in DMBA-exposed hamsters.
Conclusions:
- Sunitinib demonstrates potential benefits in the early stages of oral carcinogenesis.
- The drug's ability to reverse specific histopathological changes suggests a role in chemoprevention.
- Further research into sunitinib as a chemopreventive agent for OSCC is warranted.
