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Lupus - the cold, hard facts.

N W K Wong1, Vt-Y Ng2, S Ibrahim2

  • 1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada newton.wong@medportal.ca.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A young woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experienced severe frostbite due to a combination of environmental cold exposure and internal factors like antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. This case highlights the complex interplay of triggers in lupus patients, leading to critical health outcomes.

Keywords:
APLASSLEfrostbitevasculitis

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Environmental Medicine
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems.
  • Susceptibility to environmental and endogenous triggers varies among SLE patients.
  • Peripheral arterial disease, smoking, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome are known risk factors in SLE.

Observation:

  • A young female patient with a history of SLE, peripheral arterial disease, and smoking was exposed to extreme cold.
  • The patient also had underlying conditions including antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and SLE vasculitis.
  • This confluence of factors created a critical situation for the patient.

Findings:

  • The combination of external cold exposure and internal disease factors acted as a 'perfect storm'.
  • This led to catastrophic injuries, specifically severe frostbite.
  • The case demonstrates a rare but severe manifestation of SLE complications.

Implications:

  • Understanding the interaction between environmental insults and endogenous factors is crucial for managing SLE patients.
  • This case underscores the importance of comprehensive risk assessment in susceptible individuals.
  • Preventive strategies against environmental triggers may be vital for preventing severe complications in high-risk SLE patients.