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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

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Published on: May 17, 2024

[Malignant nail tumors].

¹Dermaticum Freiburg, Schlippehof 5, 79110, Freiburg, Deutschland, haneke@gmx.net.

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete

|April 11, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant tumors of the nail apparatus are diverse, with Bowen disease and ungual melanoma being most common. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better outcomes in nail malignancies.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Oncology
Pathology

Context:

The distal phalanx harbors diverse tissues, leading to a variety of malignant tumors around the nail apparatus.
Nail malignancies present unique diagnostic challenges due to their varied presentations.

Purpose:

To review the spectrum of malignant tumors affecting the nail apparatus.
To highlight the clinical features, diagnostic considerations, and treatment modalities for common nail malignancies.

Summary:

Bowen disease, a common nail malignancy, presents as a verrucous plaque and can progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma.
Ungual melanoma, the second most frequent nail malignancy, can be pigmented (matrix origin) or amelanotic (nail bed origin) and may be misdiagnosed.
Treatment for subungual melanomas ranges from nail apparatus extirpation to distal amputation for advanced cases.

Impact:

Emphasizes the need for high clinical suspicion for isolated or single-digit proliferations unresponsive to conservative treatment.
Underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis for effective management of nail apparatus malignancies.